The History of Glass Tile

[Dave]

The History of Glass Tile


The origin of glass tile dates back to the second century BCE where the rising popularity of mosaic art was creating a demand for new materials. Though the Greeks had been exploring mosaic art for nearly a century, the development of “tesserae,” the first manufactured tiles, marked the emergence of a new art form, widespread enough to require project specific materials.

The complexity of mosaics grew though the ages, as did the areas where the art form was found. The expansion of the Roman Empire brought the craft as far as the UK where local artists emulated the ornate floors and tiled objects prevalent in large cities such as Constantinople, the then center of mosaic art. During this period, artists used ceramic and stone tiles to create religious—and domestic—themed scenes as well as geometric patterns. Glass tile, though not yet prevalent, was often incorporated to add color and detail to the works.

Artists of the Byzantine Empire (500 ACE) are credited for the development of glass tile mosaics. They created “smalti,” colored glass tiles rough in texture and often containing small air bubbles and flecks of gold and silver. Building upon the tradition of Greek and Roman artists, Byzantines used these glass tiles to create mosaics on walls, ceilings, temple facades, and vaults. Mosaics of this period traditionally centered on Christian themes, though examples can also be found of decorative art and portraits.

While mosaic art declined during the middle ages, the Victorian period saw its rise once again. Technology allowed for tiles to be produced in greater numbers and with greater consistency, while the popularity of Byzantine art and architecture encouraged the development of mosaics in buildings as well as on objects.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, the Art Nouveau period embraced the use of glass in art and design. The clean, flowing patterns achieved by skilled mosaic artists lent itself perfectly to the stylized, nature-inspired characteristics of the period. Stained glass was especially valued during these years, as the art of Louis Comfort Tiffany—who can be credited with bringing glass art into interior design—first gained popularity.

Throughout much of the 20th century glass tile fell out of favor in interior design, as artists and architects opted for more modern, synthesized materials. At the same time, however, mosaics never completely disappeared. Outside of the home they remained a popular choice for public and religious buildings.

The turn of the 21st century has seen yet another rise in mosaic work. Innovations in manufacturing and technology have made glass tiles a reasonable surface option for the home, while the ever-present versatility of glass tile allows the material to be used with traditional and modern design alike. Further, the rise of online business, such as Susan Jablon Mosaics, have made glass tiles available to customers all over the world.

Glass tile has seen its share of rises and falls through the ages. It continues to be a popular design material and it’s unmatched qualities – versatility, iridescence, variety – will guarantee it’s place in both art and design for years to come.

.......dave..